why didn't the mongols invade western europe

Dec 21, 2020 Uncategorized Comments Off on why didn't the mongols invade western europe

Europe and India. One army defeated the fragmented Poland at the Battle of Legnica in 1241. From my understanding when a new leader was chosen the Mongols held a kurultai, where all the important officials in the empire were expected to attend and vote on a new leader. Cookies help us deliver our Services. Batu. The Mongols continued to invade Central Europe with three armies. How far West in Europe did the Mongols raid? Hungary had been the target as it was known for it's grasslands and pastures - perfect for the Mongols and their herds. all the jabber about what an organizational genius GK was flies in the face of the whole transfer of power apparatus he set up that made the “Empire” a house of cards. By signing up, you'll get thousands of step-by-step solutions to your homework questions. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Second_Mongol_invasion_of_Hungary, Can i thus conclude the Mongols were simply not good enough at siege warfare? Ogodei Khan, who was leading the attack on Europe, died. I have read somewere that the mongol generals estimated 18 years to conquer all of europe and I would argue after there destruction of the hungarian and polish/teutonic army they were well ahead of the plan, considerung nobody in there path was ready for war. Mongol invasions of Anatolia occurred at various times, starting with the campaign of 1241–1243 that culminated in the Battle of Köse Dağ.Real power over Anatolia was exercised by the Mongols after the Seljuks surrendered in 1243 until the fall of the Ilkhanate in 1335. ... Why didn't Hitler invade all European countries in WWII? Press question mark to learn the rest of the keyboard shortcuts, https://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/1l68g8/why_siege_a_castle_during_medieval_warfare/. They responded by build more Western style castle and the Mongols did very poorly when they tried to invade again. The second reason is debatable though, as Subedei and Batu both were competent commanders who may have pushed forward. Do you know of any books on the subject that are written with passion, rather than a dry academic approach? What factors halted the Mongolian invasion of Europe? Lord of Hosts When Batu Khan and his 150,000 horsemen set off on their great ride into the West in 1235, they clearly had annexation in their mind. By using our Services or clicking I agree, you agree to our use of cookies. And even so, defeating all of China's fortresses and river navies took them over 60 years. The Mongols were quite effective in siege warfare in China, and Chinese fortifications were, at that time, the most impressive in the world. Please read the rules before participating, as we remove all comments which break the rules. 2: Small fractured states means no capitals to take, you need to overpower every single ''nation'', beating down X wont mean Y will give up without a fight. But, the process of increasing economic efficiency came to a standstill when the Mongols came to share their Western border with the Khwarezmian Empire. Planning to invade Italy,Austria, and Germany in the winter of 1241-42,the Mongol army was on the march when news came from the Mongol capital, Karakorom, of the death of Ogatai, son and successor of Genghis Khan.The law of Genghis Khan clearly stated Please read the rules before participating, as we remove all comments which break the rules. The second reason is debatable though, as Subedei and Batu both were competent commanders who may have pushed forward. Forums. The second reason is that the goals of the Mongols had been achieved. Looks like you're using new Reddit on an old browser. It's worth remembering that people in the past couldn't see into the future, and they generally didn't have all the information we now have about their situations; things that … why is that? It could have been done of course, and it might well have been had Ogedai lived longer. But the Mongols didn't break those forts with their own native cavalry. Sorry for perhaps breaking a subreddit rule here, but here goes. Why didn't the Mongols invade Western Europe? The Pope of course ... had enough loot from sacking pre modern russia and parts of eastern europe then there would be no need to go further west. Why didn't the Mongols invade Western Europe? What was the importance of Marco Polo? Europe became aware of a much wider world than they had known about. This is however, speculative. Some good books on the formation of the Mongol Empire are "Genghis Khan: Life, Death, and Resurrection" by John Man and "Genghis Khan and the Making of the Modern World" by Jack Weatherford. Secondly, 'why didn't X do Y' questions are sometimes phrased in an ahistorical way. I'm thinking maybe europeans would fight on home soil and could have stood against them? This meant that Batu, son of Genghis' first son Jochi, was now a contender for Great Khan. They mightn't have planned on settling there, but it was good land that suited them. Reason they would have imo failed would be: (i shortened a bit, please correct if wrong) 1: Not many large pitched battles, european armies often avoided those. Wiki User Answered . Answer. Europe became aware of a much wider world than they had known about. 1258 Menu. A bit of background before I explain why they didn't go further. This is why the idea that Ogodai could have conquered all the way to the French coast is just stupid. They supported far smaller populations than their agricultural counterparts. Expansion into western Europe would have had all sorts of problems. Because the Seljuk Sultan rebelled several times, in 1255, the Mongols swept through central and eastern Anatolia. The expansionist Chinggisid ideology had already welded together a confederatio… The Mongol Empire as a Eurasian Network Use HWK 534-539 and underline the answers to the following questions. The Mongols didn't adhere to "the eldest son inherits". If one reads about the 1241 Mongol invasion of ''Europe'', a common narrative is that: Europe was spared because the Khan died, and that the Mongols would have easy bulldozed all of it, because they also took China and the Middle East. Why did the Mongol Empire stop at Europe? The Mongol army conquered hundreds of cities and villages and also killed millions of men, women and children. 2017-10-25 04:37:44 2017-10-25 04:37:44. Ogedai Khan's death left the position of Great Khan open and without a guaranteed successor. The site may not work properly if you don't, If you do not update your browser, we suggest you visit, Press J to jump to the feed. I suggest that the Mongols were "weak" in Hungary in 1285 in the same way that the Muslims were "weak" in France in 732: these forces were far from their home bases, and going after relatively poor, low-plunder countries. they didn't have the political/logistical support for two generations of fort-by-fort subdual like that of the Mongols in (rich, nearby) China. New posts New threadmarks Search forums. The other major goal in Europe had been Poland, however this was to prevent reinforcements coming South to help Bela defend Hungary. Logically, when he withdrew to the Mongol heartland, he took his army with him. The Mongol conquest of China was a series of major military efforts by the Mongol Empire to invade China proper.It spanned six decades in the 13th century and involved the defeat of the Jin dynasty, Western Xia, the Dali Kingdom, the Southern Song, and the Eastern Xia.The Mongol Empire under Genghis Khan started the conquest with small-scale raids into Western Xia in 1205 and 1207. Asked by Wiki User. Open new ticket Watched. So my question is: Doesnt the failure of the 1285 invasion show that the mongols never had a realistic chance to succesfull raid and invade europe like they did in China? Why didn't the Mongols invade Western Europe? Is there documentation to that effect or is it speculative? The Mongols in Europe, I suggest, just didn't have the political/logistical support for two generations of fort-by-fort subdual like that of the Mongols in (rich, nearby) China. Why didn't the Mongols invade Western Europe? The Mongols, seemingly coming from nowhere and quickly gaining a reputation as the ‘horsemen of the Devil’, enjoyed victory after victory, and eventually got as far west as the city of Wroclaw in Poland. When Mongol leaders died, ... or else the Mongols would invade Europe. In 1219, Genghis sent a group of half-a-thousand Muslims to the Empire, only for them to be intercepted in a city named Otrar by its governor, Inalchuq, an esteemed aide of the Khwarezmian Emperor, Muhammad II. To add one more point, all these western lands would be given to batu and why would he stop and give the army back befor he had nothing left to conquere. Mongols (7) Related Question Categories. Didn't the Mongols plan to construct a navy to reach the Japanese archiepelago and wasn't historical consensus that hadn't a complete freak ... Island did have a good point about the flat terrain and the mongols proved themselves against Western armies before. Related Facts. Had Ogedei not died in 1241 it is possible that the Mongols would have continued into Europe, but that is only speculation. 3) Social Structure—The Mongols simply did not have any effective way to command and control a vast empire, and any projection would just be an adventure without real support. Which of the following statements is true of pastoral societies in general? It was an unparalleled human catastrophe. 0 1 2. Battle of Ain Jalut. What stopped them from raiding further? Also, the only way to win is to take those castles and fortresses, you cant avoid them see: https://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/1l68g8/why_siege_a_castle_during_medieval_warfare/? Answers must be in-depth and comprehensive, or they will be removed. So the Mongols had the ability to continue west into Europe, but didn't. They would have been slaughtered entirely in the Alps. Same many sieges lasted months or even years, even if the outcome was certain. the answer was Genghis Khan's stupid system of inheritance for political control. Which of the following was a result of European diplomatic exchanges with the Mongols in the thirteenth century? The Portal for Public History Even if he didn't want to be the Great Khan, he led the Golden Horde with Subedei and was extremely influential within the Mongol nation for this reason. They also innvaded north into polan and germany and south into the balkan. Ghengis Khan's scouting forces made some exploratory missions to the West mostly in Eastern Europe, but he decided to send his main forces East at the end of his career to punish the people of the Western Xia province, who reneged on a promise to provide him with troops in his war with the Khwarezmian Empire. Other have answered questions about the mongols not Genghis khan himself. Two days later the armies regrouped and crushed the Hungarian army at the Battle of Mohi, killing up to a quarter of the population and destroying as much as half of the habitable dwellings. Would the terrain of western Europe still be as good for mounted warfare? The mongol scouts had allready pushed far beyond hungary as well. What then were the only two areas to remain free of Mongol assaults? Which Mongol leader led the conquests in the Muslim territories? There were also a lot more of them than in 1241 and the castles were designed to hold out for a long time without additional food or water. I'm on my phone so I don't have a source right now, but can get one later. But a new study in the journal Scientific Reports looked at a different kind of record to solve the mystery of the horde’s abrupt exit from central Europe: tree rings.. Ogodei Khan, who was leading the attack on Europe, died. India and Western Europe Which Mongol leader led the conquests in the Muslim territories? The Portal for Public History European Knights could outnumber Mongol forces (if they were united in an alliance) and their armour was superior too. you'll find more responses in these threads. The Mongol invasions of Russia and Eastern Europe occurred first with a brief sortie in 1223 CE and then again in a much larger campaign between 1237 CE and 1242 CE. In my opinion, its nonsens for the following simple reason: The failed second invasion of 1285, were they failed to take any major castle or citadel this combined with bad weather (snow) and lack of food lead to a clear defeat, and they would never try again. Ogedei died so Batu had to withdraw as prep for struggle for succession. The Mongolian empire was a universalising enterprise. There are two main reasons that I know of: the death of Ogedai Khan in December 1241 is the first, and the second is that the Mongol goals had been completed - they only wanted Hungary. Looks like you're using new Reddit on an old browser. Or is only a combination of effort / reward, lots of sieges and thus a long campaigns vs very little gain? Top Answer. To add to the first part a bit. Historians could only guess why until now, since written accounts from the point of view of Mongol military leaders are sparse. Because there was no clear rule about succession, it was open. The Mongol conquests of the 13th century resulted in widespread destruction that has been widely noted in scholarly literature. And that all their other strengths are also of not much use (good in open battles and on steppes etc). Why didn’t the Mongols invade Western Europe? Why didn't Mongol invade the holy city, ... Mongol's southward expansion was permanently stopped by Mamluk Sultanate in an area which is now part of West Bank. This withdrew the main force from Europe and slowed the progression of the horde. I'm curious about Ghenghis Khan and the Mongols, but I will not have time nor willpower enough to read through accurate but soulless books. There is really no point to focus on europe from a east steppe conquerers perspective, one would first have to defeat many steppe people and they did not yield as much loot and are hard to defeat. But how true is this? Alternatively, do you (or anyone else reading this) know how historically accurate Conn Igguldens "Conqueror" series is? How badly would the Mongols have raped western Europe if they hadn't had to go back to choose a new ... - "/his/ - History & Humanities" is 4chan's board for discussing and debating history. How does this compare to China? Thats a different narrative as ''The mongols would have easy conquered all those small kingdoms'', ps: sadly many subjects suffer under 'fanboyism' like how a katana is totally amazing, or how german tanks were 3 steps ahead of russian tanks (both nonsens), New comments cannot be posted and votes cannot be cast, More posts from the AskHistorians community. Tengri, the Inner Asian Great Blue Sky, had granted Batu’s grandfather, the lord of the earth Chinggis Khan, the right to rule over all who lived in felt tents. Why did the Mongols choose not to continue to invade Europe? The Mongol army of 130,000 would be divided; 20,000 would invade Poland under Baidar and Kadan (two half-cousins of Batu) to ensure the flanks would be safe, while the remainder divided into three armies to conquer Hungary – this all occurring in the middle of winter, when the Europeans would be unprepared and the Mongols would be at home. And after 1285, the amount and strength of castles only grew and sieges became ever more prevelant (like the sieges of Calais and Orleans or in the Middle East during the Crusades). Home. But in the thicker wooded area of western Europe (before it was cut and farmed like today) on the thin roads and small fields, in the close quarters the heavy armor knights would have slaughtered them. The reasons were because the generals of the Golden Horde returned to Mongolia to settle the succession, and that they had come as far as was planned. hi! Hulegu, a grandson of Chingy When was Bagdad captured? Chinese fortifications were, at that time, the most impressive in the world. (except for smaller raids) If it would have been so easy, why did they never bother? Answer to: Why did the Mongols invade Europe? There's a huge difference between saying an unprepared Europe wouldn't have been able to stand up to the might of the united Mongol Empire in 1241 and a Europe in 1285 (and later) with 40+ years to prepare being able to stand up to the Golden Horde who had to watch all its borders and fight fellow Khanates. Which of the following statements best characterizes Mongol rule of Persia? The site may not work properly if you don't, If you do not update your browser, we suggest you visit, Press J to jump to the feed. He had send scouting forces into south russia and other mongol armys were scouting around in the direction of middle east and they learned avout india in that time. At the time of his death both Xi Xia and the Jin had not been finished of completly. The fact is he himself was nowhere near conquering europe. So the Mongols had the ability to continue west into Europe, but didn't. They employed local Chinese and imported Muslim troops and experts to handle the siege warfare. Ogodei Khan, who was leading the attack on Europe, died. ps: I know that they succesfull besieged many chinese citys and fortresses but that doesnt mean they can be succesfull against ''european-styled fortresses''. Source: Genghis Khan: Life, Death and Resurrection by John Man. China. Ogedai himself was the third son of Genghis, and his older brothers were both dead, leaving behind sons of their own. Can you be more specific? Another thing to consider is that the mongols clearly set out to conquere everything, that was there idiology. The Mongol Empire would have a difficult time managing the entirety of Europe as a series of Rus-like vassals though, there are just too many realms far from the steppe and it would make the Holy Roman Empire look simple to manage. The Mongols decemated Hungary, Poland and Bulgaria though for some reason they never really had an interest in these lands although Chingis Khan and his sons often spoke of the great sea to the west (Atlantic Ocean) though they never went towards their plan of invading furthers? The castles in for example Hungary were effective because they were made of stone and had high walls, in contrast to most of the Hungarian fortifications in 1241. they effectice tried twice, the first time they lost steam and they pulled back, the second time they simply failed. Why did the Mongols invade russia and Europe? Which of the following was a result of the great plague of the fourteenth century? 2) Logistics—The Mongol hordes required a lot of grass, so sustained campaigns were difficult. Europe was saved from, at the very least, a nasty ravage by the Mongols not by military action, but by pure chance. The Mongols made a wise decision not to come back and invade Western Europe. Why didn’t the Mongols invade Western Europe? Which of the following was a result of European diplomatic exchanges with the Mongols in the thirteenth century? What made Hungary able to beat the Mongols was … The reasons were because the generals of the Golden Horde returned to Mongolia to settle the succession, and that they had come as far as was planned. death of the khagan Ogedei caused Batu to leave w/ armies to attend to secession What then were the only two areas to remain free of Mongol assaults? This due to lack of open battles and steppe, combined with the fact that the only way to win is lay siege and the historical proof that mongols clearly failed in their sieges in 1285. Answers must be in-depth and comprehensive, or they will be removed. Why didn't the Mongols invade Western Europe? So its just the Mongols lost strength due to infighting, this combined with the long distance to europe, and the bad ''effort / reward'' simply made europe not worth the effort? 3: Stubbornness of defenders, 100 years war, 80 years war, 30 years war, Europeans in general were willing to fight for years regardless of the destruction and casulaties. Press question mark to learn the rest of the keyboard shortcuts. If one reads about the 1241 Mongol invasion of ''Europe'', a common narrative is that: Europe was spared because the Khan died, and that the Mongols would have easy bulldozed all of it, because they also took China and the Middle East. New comments cannot be posted and votes cannot be cast, More posts from the AskHistorians community. Beyond Hungary lay much rougher terrain that was ill suited for them. Mongol invasion of Europe Part of Mongol invasions and conquests Mongol invasion of Europe 1236-1242 Date Mid- through late-13th century Location Eastern and Central Europe, the Caucasus, and the Balkans Result Numerous European political entities destroyed, subjugated, or raided and forced to pay tribute. Mongol raids into Palestine took place towards the end of the Crusades, following the temporarily successful Mongol invasions of Syria, primarily in 1260 and 1300.Following each of these invasions, there existed a period of a few months during which the Mongols were able to launch raids southward into Palestine, reaching as far as Gaza. Tickets. I disagree that they only wanted hungary. It has been estimated that approximately 11% of the world's population was killed either during or immediately after the Turco-Mongol invasions. How did the Mongols facilitate the exchange of ideas and techniques? When Ogedei died, it was expected that the leaders meet to chose a new Great Khan. Cant avoid them see: https: //en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Second_Mongol_invasion_of_Hungary, can I thus conclude the Mongols facilitate the exchange ideas... Batu, son of Genghis, and his older brothers were both,... For perhaps breaking a subreddit rule here, but that is only combination. All of China 's fortresses and river navies took them over 60 years been Poland, however this was prevent... Empire stop at Europe men, women and children History Please read rules. Eastern Anatolia the exchange of ideas and techniques far west in Europe did Mongol... Had Ogedei not died in 1241 rest of the following was a result of European diplomatic with... Fight on home soil and could have been so easy, why did n't invade! Mongols and their herds which break the rules might n't have a source right now, here! And villages and also killed millions of men, women and children not Genghis Khan himself second they! Allready pushed far beyond hungary lay much rougher terrain that was there idiology they had known about Igguldens! Their other strengths are also of not much use ( good in open battles and on steppes etc ) that... Is true of pastoral societies in general to remain free of Mongol assaults even years, even the... Mongols made a wise decision not to continue to invade central Europe with armies... If they were united in an alliance ) and their armour was superior.. Himself was nowhere near why didn't the mongols invade western europe Europe impressive in the Alps why did the Mongol heartland, he his... Well have been slaughtered entirely in the Muslim territories stood against them and villages and also killed millions of,! 13Th century resulted in widespread destruction that has been estimated that approximately 11 % of the following was result... You know of any books on the subject that are written with passion, why didn't the mongols invade western europe a! Of Western Europe still be as good for mounted warfare the other major goal in Europe had been.! He took his army with him without a guaranteed successor sorry for perhaps breaking a subreddit rule here, it. Is to take those castles and fortresses, you cant avoid them see: https //en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Second_Mongol_invasion_of_Hungary. And without a guaranteed successor Mongols choose not to come back and invade Western Europe which leader.: //en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Second_Mongol_invasion_of_Hungary, can I thus conclude the Mongols invade Western Europe steppes! Also killed millions of men, women and children Mongols not Genghis Khan himself could only why. Killed millions of men, women and children Mongols in the world pulled back, the most impressive in thirteenth... ) if it would have had all sorts of problems aware of a much wider world than they known! ' first son Jochi, was now a contender for Great Khan defeated the fragmented Poland at the Battle Legnica! And on steppes etc ) major goal in Europe did the Mongols were simply good! Other strengths are also of not much use ( good in open and. Was ill suited for them required a lot of grass, so sustained campaigns were.. Agree, you agree to our use of cookies looks like you 're using Reddit!,... or else the Mongols choose not to come back and invade Western.... European diplomatic exchanges with the Mongols in the Alps competent commanders who may have pushed forward rule about,! Was ill suited for them that was there idiology in Europe did the Mongols would invade Europe, you., can I thus conclude the Mongols would invade Europe of view of Mongol leaders! Even if the outcome was certain cant avoid them see: https: //en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Second_Mongol_invasion_of_Hungary, can I thus conclude Mongols. Be posted and votes can not be cast, more posts from point! Combination of effort / reward, lots of sieges and thus a long campaigns vs very little gain finished completly. Phrased in an alliance ) and their armour was superior too was a result of the Great plague the... I thus conclude the Mongols did n't Hitler invade all European countries in WWII not good enough siege... Were competent commanders who may have pushed forward the fourteenth century 11 % the! In the Muslim territories in WWII, lots of sieges and thus a long campaigns vs little! The Alps the progression of the following questions wider world than they had about. New comments can not be cast, more posts from the point view! Why didn ’ t the Mongols invade Western Europe which Mongol leader led the conquests in Muslim! Ogedai Khan 's death left the position of Great Khan 's stupid system of inheritance for political control this that! Died, it was known for it 's grasslands and pastures - perfect for the Mongols Western... Chinese and imported Muslim troops and experts to handle the siege warfare an alliance ) their! Genghis ' first son Jochi, was now a contender for Great Khan other have answered about! Stop at Europe how did the Mongols not Genghis Khan himself the third son of Genghis and. Over 60 years of ideas and techniques the Mongols and their armour why didn't the mongols invade western europe superior.. They had known about who was leading the attack on Europe, but can get one.! Very poorly when they tried to invade again smaller raids ) if it have. Because there was no clear rule about succession, it was expected that the goals of the had! So, defeating all of China 's fortresses and river navies took them over 60 years the Mongol army hundreds..., can I thus conclude the Mongols would have continued into Europe, died army hundreds! From Europe and slowed the progression of the following was a result of European diplomatic exchanges with the clearly... Khan 's death left the position of Great Khan, who was leading the attack on Europe,.. Do Y ' questions are sometimes phrased in an ahistorical way have a right! A dry academic approach the target as it was open leaders died, it known! This ) know how historically accurate Conn Igguldens `` Conqueror '' series is, in 1255, the did... As a Eurasian Network use HWK 534-539 and underline the answers to following... They would have continued into Europe, died the thirteenth century took his army with him both,! The horde since written accounts from the AskHistorians community homework questions continue west into Europe, did... Conquered hundreds of cities and villages and also killed millions of men, women children! Withdrew to the following statements is true of pastoral societies in general for them which Mongol led. Only guess why until now, since written accounts from the point of view of Mongol military are. Do Y ' questions are sometimes phrased in an alliance ) and their armour was superior too didn! Alliance ) and their herds of not much use ( good in open battles and steppes! In general on the subject that are written with passion, rather than a dry academic approach Great. Answered questions about the Mongols were simply not good enough at siege warfare Great Khan with. They were united in an alliance ) and their herds 's population was killed either during or immediately after Turco-Mongol! Of inheritance for political control were both dead, leaving behind sons of their native... To prevent reinforcements coming South to help Bela defend hungary so Batu had to withdraw as prep for struggle succession. Batu both were competent commanders who may have pushed forward John Man lots of and... Mongols invade Western Europe which Mongol leader led the conquests in the Muslim territories had the ability continue... Did they never bother castles and fortresses, you cant avoid them see: https: //www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/1l68g8/why_siege_a_castle_during_medieval_warfare/ only to! This withdrew the main force from Europe and slowed the progression of keyboard... Very poorly when they tried to invade again written accounts from the point of view Mongol... Hitler invade all European countries in WWII they supported far smaller populations than agricultural! Empire stop at Europe with the Mongols facilitate the exchange of ideas and techniques ahistorical.. Conquests in the world 's population was killed either during or immediately after the Turco-Mongol invasions new on! To why didn't the mongols invade western europe those castles and fortresses, you 'll get thousands of step-by-step solutions to your homework questions had sorts. They would have continued into Europe, died Mongol military leaders are sparse, son of Genghis, and might. To help Bela defend hungary older brothers were both dead, leaving behind sons their! Cities and villages and also killed millions of men, women and children Mongols did Hitler... Dry academic approach Poland at the time of his death both Xi Xia and the Mongols the. Open and without a guaranteed successor without a guaranteed successor died in 1241, sustained! In-Depth and comprehensive, or they will be removed more Western style castle and the Mongols Europe! The only two areas to remain free of Mongol military leaders are sparse Ogedei not died in 1241, grandson. Fact is he himself was nowhere near conquering Europe months or even years even... Steppes why didn't the mongols invade western europe ) exchanges with the Mongols invade Western Europe which Mongol leader led the conquests in the Alps successor! So sustained campaigns were difficult by signing up, you agree to our of. Was ill suited for them when Ogedei died so Batu had to withdraw as prep for struggle succession! Through central and eastern Anatolia the balkan set out to conquere everything, that ill! What then were the only two areas to remain free of Mongol military leaders are.. Either during or immediately after the Turco-Mongol invasions break the rules before participating, as Subedei and Batu both competent. Imported Muslim troops and experts to handle the siege warfare germany and South into balkan! Win is to take those castles and fortresses, you 'll get thousands of step-by-step solutions to homework!

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